How to study consciousness scienti®cally

The neurosciences have advanced to the point that we can now treat consciousness as a scienti¢c problem like any other. The problem is to explain how brain processes cause consciousness and how consciousness is realized in the brain. Progress is impeded by a number of philosophical mistakes, and the aim of this paper is to remove nine of those mistakes: (i) consciousness cannot be de¢ned; (ii) consciousness is subjective but science is objective; (iii) brain processes cannot explain consciousness; (iv) the problem of `qualia' should be set aside; (v) consciousness is epiphenomenal; (vi) consciousness has no evolutionary function; (vii) a causal account of consciousness is necessarily dualistic; (viii) science is reductionistic, so a scienti¢c account of consciousness would show it reducible to something else; and (ix) an account of consciousness must be an information processing account.